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| avascular necrosis ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
avascular necrosis
Avascular necrosis (AVN), also called osteonecrosis, bone infarction,〔(eMedicine Specialties > Bone Infarct ) Author: Ali Nawaz Khan. Coauthors: Mohammed Jassim Al-Salman, Muthusamy Chandramohan, Sumaira MacDonald, Charles Edward Hutchinson〕 aseptic necrosis, and ischemic bone necrosis, is cellular death (necrosis) of bone components due to interruption of the blood supply.〔(eMedicine Specialties > Avascular Necrosis ) Author: Jeanne K Tofferi, MD, MPH, FACP; Coauthor: William Gilliland, MD, MPHE, FACP, FACR. Updated: Dec 17, 2009〕 Without blood, the bone tissue dies and the bone collapses.〔 If avascular necrosis involves the bones of a joint, it often leads to destruction of the joint articular surfaces. (see Osteochondritis dissecans).
==Signs and symptoms==
While it can affect any bone, about half of cases show multiple sites of damage, avascular necrosis primarily affects the joints at the shoulder, knee, and hip. The classical sites are: head of femur, neck of talus and waist of scaphoid.
Clinical avascular necrosis most commonly affects the ends (epiphysis) of long bones such as the femur (the bone extending from the knee joint to the hip joint). Other common sites include the humerus (the bone of the upper arm), knees, shoulders,〔〔 ankles and the jaw. The disease may affect just one bone, more than one bone at the same time, or more than one bone at different times.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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